Dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea is often caused by reduced secretion or increased evaporation of tears. It is increasingly a common condition due to changes in lifestyle from use of computer and mobile screens. It is also common in elderly population. Patients often present with irritation, redness of eye and sensation of foreign object in the eye.
Medications:
- Eye drops Refresh Tears 0.5% (Carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% w/v) one drop 4 times a day.
- Tab. Supradyn (Vitamin A 10000IU; multivitamin) – 1 tablet once a day for 2 months.
- In refractory cases and in Sjogren’s syndrome – eye drops Pilocar 1% (Pilocarpine 1%) 1 drop 4 times a day.
General advice:
- Wear protective sunglasses.
- Avoid dry and dusty environments.
- Stop consumption of tobacco.
- Reduce time spent on viewing screens such as TV, computer etc.
- Avoid anticholinergic agents (antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, diuretics) if possible.
Referral:
Consider referral to ophthalmologist if symptoms fail to subside or if evidence of corneal abrasions.